KNOWLEDGE BASE

Learn the language of option

Clear, no-jargon guides that turn Greek letters into trade decisions. New guides land here as they are written.

Foundations

FUNDAMENTALS

Call and put options: the language of options

Right, not obligation. Two contract types, four positions, and every strategy in the rest of this library built from them.

10 min read
FUNDAMENTALS

Mastering the Option Greeks

Every Greek is a dimension of risk a dealer has to neutralise — and every hedge they place is order flow you can read.

9 min read
FUNDAMENTALS

Open Interest: mapping the market's conviction

Price tells you where the market last traded. Open interest tells you where it is still standing.

11 min read
FUNDAMENTALS

Max Pain: where options pain concentrates

The strike where the most contracts expire worthless — a real tendency, a contested mechanism, and not a forecast.

10 min read
MECHANICS

Expiration day

The last day a contract exists — and the day its time value, its pin risk, and everything hedging it come due at once.

4 min read
VOLATILITY

Implied Volatility: the pulse of market expectations

The one input to an option's price nobody can look up — so the market solves for it, and every quote carries its answer.

9 min read
VOLATILITY

Volatility skew and smile: decoding the surface

Same underlying, same expiration, different strikes — and different implied volatilities. The shape of that curve says where the market thinks the risk is.

10 min read
VOLATILITY

IV Rank: putting volatility into perspective

35% implied volatility is neither high nor low until you know whose 35% it is. Rank is the number that answers that.

8 min read
0DTE

0DTE: the final countdown

Contracts that expire the day they are traded — now a large share of index volume, and a real force on intraday movement.

5 min read

Second-order Greeks

GREEKS

Intro to Gamma: what it is and how it is used

How fast delta itself moves — the Greek behind both the market's shock absorber and its accelerant.

6 min read
GREEKS

Understanding Gamma Exposure

Aggregating gamma across the whole chain into the hedging flow dealers are mechanically obliged to execute.

11 min read
GREEKS

Market behaviour across gamma regimes

Classify the day before you trade it — regime decides which game you are playing, and direction only decides the entry.

9 min read
GREEKS

Gamma scalping and delta hedging

Turning a long-gamma position into realised profit, one rebalance at a time — if the market moves enough to pay for the decay.

10 min read
GREEKS

Short gamma strategies: when they work and why

Selling premium pays reliably right up until the regime changes — and skew usually says so first.

7 min read
GREEKS

How high volatility disrupts gamma pinning

Pinning is a condition, not a law — and the moment traders reach for it hardest is the moment it stops holding.

6 min read
GREEKS

Managing gamma risk

Time decay favours the seller right up to the last week — then the gamma trap opens underneath it.

7 min read
GREEKS

Vanna Exposure: the engine behind volatility-driven delta

The cross-Greek that turns a change in implied volatility into directional hedging flow — and the mechanism behind the post-event melt-up.

10 min read
GREEKS

Charm: the hidden dynamics of delta and time

The one dealer hedging flow that needs no trigger at all — it runs on the calendar.

8 min read
GREEKS

Vomma (Volga): the curvature of volatility

Gamma, but in volatility space — why a vol shock pays a tail hedge far more than a linear estimate says it should.

8 min read

Strategies

STRATEGIES

Long Call

The simplest bullish position: capped loss, uncapped upside, and a clock working against you.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Long Put

A way to be short without the unlimited risk — capped loss, and a payoff that grows as the underlying falls.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Short Call

Collecting premium against a rise — and carrying a loss with no ceiling. The riskiest single-leg position there is.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Short Put

Getting paid to agree to buy lower — and what it costs when the market takes you up on it.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Covered Call

Selling upside you already own, in exchange for income you keep either way.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Collar

Financing a floor by selling a ceiling — often for nothing out of pocket.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Bull Call Spread

Paying less for a bullish position by selling away the tail you probably were not going to reach.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Bear Call Spread

Selling a rise while capping what it can cost you — the credit spread's defensive cousin.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Bull Put Spread

Collecting premium on a floor you define in advance, with the loss capped before you open.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Bear Put Spread

A cheaper way to be short, with the far tail sold away to pay for it.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Short Straddle

Selling both sides at one strike and betting the market stays still — a race between volatility and time decay.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Short Strangle

The straddle's wider cousin — more room to be right, and less premium for the privilege.

4 min read
STRATEGIES

Iron Condor

A defined-risk range trade built from two credit spreads — the strangle with its tails bought back.

5 min read
STRATEGIES

Iron Butterfly

The condor with its wings pulled in: more premium, and a much narrower target to hit.

5 min read